SARTRE and EXISTENTIALISM
 
Introduction to Philosophy

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with Kierkegaard and Nietzsche!
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Kierkegaard and Nietzsche
 
Read Sophie 377-384 on Kierkegaard
1. Why did Kierkegaard disagree with Hegel and the Romantics?  Why did he feel that Hegel had "forgotten he was a man?" 

2. Does K's idea of the three stages of life make sense?  Why does he feel that the third stage can be "terrible?" 

Nietzsche handout (on the Main philosophy web page)
3. What did N see as the major difference between the approaches of the Greek v. the Judeo- Christian traditions toward human suffering?  Which approach do you approve of?  Why? 

4. Explain N's concept of "will to power" and discuss why he believes that this runs counter to Judeo-Christian ethics.  Explain why you agree or disagree with him. 

Lavine: 322-327
5.  Why does K believe that anxiety and despair is the essence of human existence?  Do you agree?  What is the only thing that can save us from despair? 

6.  Why does N disagree with K's religious solution to the meaninglessness of life?  Which solution, N's or K's, appeals to you the most?  Why? 

7. Summarize the impact these two philosophers have had on the 20th century.   

 

Kierkegaard Web sites Nietzsche Web Sites
Kierkegaard on the Internet The Perspectives of Nietzsche
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Sartre
p. 327-334
1.  What does it mean to say that priority should be given to existence over essence? 

2.  Provide a brief definition, in existentialist terms, of each of the following terms. 

 Anxiety, absurdity, nothingness,  death,  alienation 

p. 335-347
3.  What is the point of Sartre's book Nausea?  What is he trying to say? 

4.  What was the impact of Hegel, Marx and Kierkegaard on Sartre? 
 

p. 349-363
5.  Explain to my eleven year old daughter the difference between Being-in Itself and Being -for- Itself? 

6.  Summarize the state of the conscious being as described by Sartre.  How well do you fit  this description? 

7.  Are you guilty of Bad Faith?  Explain why or why not? 

p. 364-382
8.  What is the basic philosophy behind existential ethics? 

9.  What is your impression of Sartre's views of social relationships?  Discuss one example that you particularly agree or disagree with. 

Sartre Web Sites
Jean Paul Sartre Page
Jean Paul Sartre


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