'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','14 July 1789').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','14 th of July').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','15 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','17 January').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1793').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','18 April').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','18 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1800').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1804').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1811').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1812').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1815').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1824-25').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1826').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1828').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','1846').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','2 January 1831').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','2 July 1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','2 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','21 January 1793').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','22 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','25 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','25 Oct 1811').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','29 April').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','29 December 1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','30 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','31 December 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','31 March 1814').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','31 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','31 May 1832').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','4595').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','6 April').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','6 October 1823').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','9 May 1831').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','April 1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','April 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','Bastille').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','December 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','December 1996').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','February 1827').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','February 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','January 1831').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','July 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','March 1832').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','March 20').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','September 1824').

'Galois.html.xml'('Date','September 1843').

'Galois.html.xml'('Father','Gabriel Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Charles').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Louis').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Marie').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Nicholas').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('FirstPerson','Stephanie').

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle','King').

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle','Republican').

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',director).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',father).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',judge).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',major).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',mayor).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',peasant).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',priest).

'Galois.html.xml'('JobTitle',secretary).

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','Adelaide').

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','Cochin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','Europe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','France').

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','Louis').

'Galois.html.xml'('Location','Paris').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','1996').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Adelaide').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','April').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Bastille').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','By').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Cauchy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Charles').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Cochin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','December').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Europe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','February').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','For').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','France').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','French').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','From').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Gabriel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Gauss').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Gergonne').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','He').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','I').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','It').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Jacobi').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Jacques').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','January').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','July').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','King').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Lagrange').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Legendre').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Libri').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Liouville').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Louis').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','March').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Marie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','May').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Mayor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','National Guard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Nicholas').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','O''').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Oct').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','October').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Paris').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Poisson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Republican').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Royal').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Russian').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','September').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','She').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Sophie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Stephanie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Sturm').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','They').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Two').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','University').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','Vernier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','With').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','You').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',branch).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',church).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',class).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',command).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',community).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',country).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup','d''').

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',days).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',de).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',defence).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',director).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',establishment).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',family).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',father).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',first).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',government).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',hospital).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',hundred).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',intelligence).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',judge).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',last).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',major).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',mayor).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',men).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',militia).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',newspaper).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',night).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',no).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',one).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',paper).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',peasant).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',power).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',priest).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',religion).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',school).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',second).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',seconds).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',secretary).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',state).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',third).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',three).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',weeks).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',won).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',year).

'Galois.html.xml'('Lookup',years).

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Cauchy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Gauss').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Gergonne').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Jacobi').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Lagrange').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Legendre').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Libri').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Liouville').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Poisson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Mathematician','Vernier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' brother').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' family').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' father').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' father Nicholas Gabriel Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' life').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' manuscripts').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' name').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' own relatives').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' paper').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' papers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' school reports').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' situation').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' sole teacher').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',''' wish').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','''Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','''Herbinville').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','''s').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','.').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','. They').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','.ac').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','.mcs').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',//).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','12 years').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','14 July 1789').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','15 June his defence lawyer').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','17').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','18 April Sophie Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','18 June').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1800').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1804').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1811 Napoleon').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1812').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1815').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1815 Napoleon''s rule').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1824').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1826 Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1828 Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1830 19 officers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','1846').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','2').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','2 January 1831').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','2 July 1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','21 January 1793').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','22').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','25').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','25 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','25 Oct 1811').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','29 April Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','29 December 1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','30 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','31 December 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','31 March 1814').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','31 May').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','31 May 1832').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','40 students').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','4595 political prisoners').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','6 April').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','6 October 1823').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','9 May 1831 200 republicans').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','?cole').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','A few weeks').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','All this').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Annales').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','April 1829 Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','April 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Article').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Author''s note').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Bastille Day and Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Bourg La Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Bourg-la-Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Bulletin').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Cauchy').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Cauchy further work').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Cauchy''s advice').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Charles 10 th').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Charles X').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Chevalier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Cochin hospital').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','December 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','December 1830 M. Guigniault').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','December 1996
MacTutor History').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','E F Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Emperor').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Europe').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','F?russac').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','February 1827').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','February 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','France').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Frenchmen').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Galois theory').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Galois.html]').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Gauss').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Gergonne').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','He').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','His argument').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','His examiner').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','His literature examiner').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','His mother').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','I').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Intelligence').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','It').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','J J O').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Jacobi').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Jacobi and Gauss').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Jacobi and others').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Jacobi''s work').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Jacques Sturm').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','January').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','January 1831 Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','July').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','July 1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','June').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','King').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Lagrange').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Latin and religion').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Legendre''s G?om?trie').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Liouville').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Louis 16 th').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Louis Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Louis XVIII').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Louis-Phillipe').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Louis-le-Grand').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','M. Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','M. Guigniault').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','M. Vernier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','March 1832').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','March 20').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Mathematics
[http').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Mayor Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Napoleon').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Napoleon Bonaparte').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Napoleon abdicated').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Napoleon''s power').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','No record').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Normale').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Paris').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Paris and Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Paris and prisoners').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Perscheux d').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Poisson').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Polytechnique').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Royal Decree').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Sainte-P?lagie prison').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','September 1824').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','September 1843').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','She').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Stephanie').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Stephanie-Felice du Motel').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The 14 th').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The French armies').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The failed Russian campaign').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The name').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The note').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The paper').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The priest').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The starting point').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The theory').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','The year 1815').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','There').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','They').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','This').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','This astonishes me greatly').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','This pupil').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','This story').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','This student').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Tragedy').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Two minor publications').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','Waterloo').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','You').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a Republican branch').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a Republican rally and riots').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a boarder').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a cholera epidemic').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a clever disposition').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a concise solution').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a conquest').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a dagger').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a dinner').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a duel').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a good natured man').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a letter').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a loaded rifle').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a major role').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a marginal note').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a minor rebellion and 40 pupils').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a more complete account').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a new article').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a note').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a part').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a peasant').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a posthumous article').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a reign').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a rejection').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a remarkable spirit').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a reply').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a revolution').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a third version').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a threat').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','a turning point').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','abelian integrals').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','about group theory').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','academic reasons').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',all).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an abstract').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an annex').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an ardent republican').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an attempt').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an equation').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an extraordinary capacity').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an important man').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an irreducible equation').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','an open dagger').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',any).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','any comment').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','any mathematical ability').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',articles).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',attempts).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',betrays).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','better times').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','classical literature and religion').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',compromise).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',confide).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',conspiracy).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','continued fractions').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',defeats).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','elliptic functions').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','enough method').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',entry).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',equation).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',equations).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',examination).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','first Consul').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','form ?cole').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',he).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','her friend').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','her son').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',herself).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','higher algebra').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',him).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',himself).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his Baccalaureate examinations').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his Journal').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his Paris apartment').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his actions').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his deep mathematical ideas').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his degree').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his director').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his examination').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his father').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his father''s death').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his first mathematics class').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his first mathematics paper').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his first term').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his friend').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his funeral').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his glass').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his hand').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his ideas').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his impertinence').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his last night').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his life').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his mathematical papers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his memoir').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his mother Adelaide Marie Demante').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his own seconds').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his own work').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his parents').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his parents example').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his power').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his school record').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his schoolwork').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his son').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his soul').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his teachers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his time').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his trial').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','his work').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','imparted her own scepticism').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',it).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','its rigour').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','its students').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',learnt).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',letters).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','little intelligence').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',love).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','major difficulties').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','malicious forged epigrams').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','many political trials').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','math?matiques').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',mathematics).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',mayor).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',me).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',money).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',more).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','more on his own').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','my father').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','my friend').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','newspaper articles').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','no one').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','no sign').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',nothing).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',one).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','only a few steps').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','organised some mathematics classes').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',part).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','perhaps the most original mathematician').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',philosophy).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','prime degree').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',prison).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',progress).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',punishments).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',radicals).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',referee).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',research).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',rhetoric).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',rioting).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',school).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',science).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','several days').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','several pistols').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','several prizes').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','several times').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',she).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',signs).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',singular).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','someone whom').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',something).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',spirit).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',spite).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',studies).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',suicide).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',support).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',terror).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',that).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the 4 th class').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the ?cole').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Acad?mie des Sciences').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Allies').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Annales').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Artillery').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Bastille').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Gazette des ?coles').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Grand Prize').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the King').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Lyc?e').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the National Guard').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Paris Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the Prize').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the acquittal').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the affair').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the algebraic solution').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the church').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the class').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the command').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the community').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the condition').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the country').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the daughter').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the death').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the dinner').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the direction').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the director').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the dock').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the duel').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the end').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the examination').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the execution').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the famous one hundred days').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the first meeting').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the focus').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the government').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the height').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the highest realms').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the historical events').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the last publications').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the last words').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the leading University').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the legend').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the majority').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the manuscript').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the margin').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the mathematician Libri').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the mathematics class').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the militia').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the monarchy').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the new King').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the new King Louis-Phillipe').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the night').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the noise').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the numbers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the only student').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the other prisoners').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the papers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the passion').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the pension Sieur Faultrier').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the privileged establishment').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the prize').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the reason').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the required standard').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the resident physician').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the rioting').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the scandal').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the school').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the second time').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the secretary').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the state').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the storming').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the streets').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the strong political movements').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the students').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the teaching').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the theory').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the threat').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the throne').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the time').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the treatises').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the uniform').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the wall').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the worst possible circumstances').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','the year').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','their armies').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','their differences').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','their opinions').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',them).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',there).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','these men').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','these papers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',this).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this demonstration').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this letter').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this lovely problem').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this point').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this school').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this student').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this student Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','this time').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',threats).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','three papers').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','too much').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk','uk/Mathematicians/').

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',us).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',victory).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',what).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',which).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',who).

'Galois.html.xml'('NounChunk',you).

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Grand').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Louis XVIII').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Louis-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Louis-Phillipe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Louis-le-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Louis-le-Grand').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','National Guard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Paris Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Organization','Royal Decree').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Charles').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','E F Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Gabriel Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Guigniault').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','J J O''Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Jacobi').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Jacques Sturm').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Louis-Phillipe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','M. Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','M. Guigniault').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','M. Vernier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Mayor Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Nicholas Gabriel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Normale').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Normale, M.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Sophie Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Stephanie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Person','Stephanie-Felice').

'Galois.html.xml'('Protagonist','Evariste').

'Galois.html.xml'('Protagonist','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Relative','Gabriel Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Relative','Jacques Sturm').

'Galois.html.xml'('Relative','Sophie Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','( Author''s note ).').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','. They say he will go completely mad.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence',..).

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals .').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence',?).

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','A few weeks after his father''s death, Galois presented himself for examination for entry to the ?cole Polytechnique for the second time.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','After he was released on 29 April Galois exchanged letters with Stephanie, and it is clear that she tried to distance herself from the affair.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','After the dinner Galois was arrested and held in Sainte-P?lagie prison.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Article by: J J O''Connor and E F Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','As Richard was to report').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','At his trial on 15 June his defence lawyer claimed that Galois had said').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Back at Louis-le-Grand, Galois enrolled in the mathematics class of Louis Richard.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Born: 25 Oct 1811 in Bourg La Reine (near Paris), France
Died: 31 May 1832 in Paris, France').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','By 1815 Napoleon''s rule was over.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','By the end of 1793 there were 4595 political prisoners held in Paris.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Cauchy was appointed as referee of Galois'' paper.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Charles 10 th fled France.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','December 1996
MacTutor History of Mathematics
[http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Galois.html]').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Despite attempts at compromise Louis 16 th was tried after attempting to flee the country.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Do you know what I lack my friend?').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','During the dinner Galois raised his glass and with an open dagger in his hand appeared to make threats against the King, Louis-Phillipe.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Evariste Galois '' father Nicholas Gabriel Galois and his mother Adelaide Marie Demante were both intelligent and well educated in philosophy, classical literature and religion.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Even during his first term there was a minor rebellion and 40 pupils were expelled from the school.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','February 1827 was a turning point in Galois'' life.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Following the execution of the King on 21 January 1793 there followed a reign of terror with many political trials.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','For the second time he failed, perhaps partly because he took it under the worst possible circumstances so soon after his father''s death, partly because he was never good at communicating his deep mathematical ideas.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','For this letter Galois was expelled and he joined the Artillery of the National Guard, a Republican branch of the militia.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Fourier died in April 1830 and Galois'' paper was never subsequently found and so never considered for the prize.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','From this point the monarchy of Louis 16 th was in major difficulties as the majority of Frenchmen composed their differences and united behind an attempt to destroy the privileged establishment of the church and the state.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois fought a duel with Perscheux d''Herbinville on 30 May, the reason for the duel not being clear but certainly linked with Stephanie.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois sent Cauchy further work on the theory of equations, but then learned from Bulletin de F?russac of a posthumous article by Abel which overlapped with a part of his work.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois then took Cauchy''s advice and submitted a new article On the condition that an equation be soluble by radicals in February 1830.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois therefore resigned himself to enter the ?cole Normale, which was an annex to Louis-le-Grand, and to do so he had to take his Baccalaureate examinations, something he could have avoided by entering the ?cole Polytechnique.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois tried to scale the wall to join the rioting but failed.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was by this time at school.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was deeply affected by his father''s death and it greatly influenced the direction his life was to take.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was invited by Poisson to submit a third version of his memoir on equation to the Academy and he did so on 17 January.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was not involved and during 1824-25 his school record is good and he received several prizes.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was sent back to Sainte-P?lagie prison.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois was wounded in the duel and was abandoned by d''Herbinville and his own seconds and found by a peasant.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois'' brother and his friend Chevalier copied his mathematical papers and sent them to Gauss, Jacobi and others.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois'' father was a good natured man and the scandal that ensued was more than he could stand.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois'' father was an important man in the community and in 1815 he was elected mayor of Bourg-la-Reine.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois'' school reports began to describe him as singular, bizarre , original and closed .').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois, after reading Abel and Jacobi''s work, worked on the theory of elliptic functions and abelian integrals.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Galois, rather surprisingly since he essentially repeated the threat from the dock, was acquitted.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He did, however, encourage Galois to publish a more complete account of his work.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He died in Cochin hospital on 31 May and his funeral was held on 2 June.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He enrolled in his first mathematics class, the class of M. Vernier.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He had enrolled at the Lyc?e of Louis-le-Grand as a boarder in the 4 th class on 6 October 1823.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He hanged himself in his Paris apartment only a few steps from Louis-le-Grand where his son was studying.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He is without money...').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He organised some mathematics classes in higher algebra which attracted 40 students to the first meeting but after that the numbers quickly fell off.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He passed, receiving his degree on 29 December 1829.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He quickly became absorbed in mathematics and his director of studies wrote').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He studied Legendre''s G?om?trie and the treatises of Lagrange.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He was also carrying a loaded rifle, several pistols and a dagger.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','He was wearing the uniform of the Artillery of the National Guard, which was illegal.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','His examiner in mathematics reported:-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','His literature examiner reported:-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','His mother served as Galois'' sole teacher until he was 12 years old.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However France began to have better times as their armies, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, won victory after victory.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However he worked more and more on his own researches and less and less on his schoolwork.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However in 1826 Galois was asked to repeat the year because his work in rhetoric was not up to the required standard.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However the papers reached Liouville who, in September 1843, announced to the Academy that he had found in Galois'' papers a concise solution').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However there is no sign of any mathematical ability in any of Galois'' family.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However, he also wished to enter this school because of the strong political movements that existed among its students, since Galois followed his parents example in being an ardent republican.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','However, he learnt in June that the prize of the Academy would be awarded the Prize jointly to Abel (posthumously) and to Jacobi, his own work never having been considered.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','I do not have the time.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','I fear this is true.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In 1811 Napoleon was at the height of his power.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In 1828 Galois took the examination of the ?cole Polytechnique but failed.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In April 1829 Galois had his first mathematics paper published on continued fractions in the Annales de math?matiques .').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In December 1830 M. Guigniault wrote newspaper articles attacking the students and Galois wrote a reply in the Gazette des ?coles , attacking M. Guigniault for his actions in locking the students into the school.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In January 1831 Galois attempted to return to mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','In March 1832 a cholera epidemic swept Paris and prisoners, including Galois, were transferred to the pension Sieur Faultrier.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method .').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It had been Galois'' wish that Jacobi and Gauss should give their opinions on his work.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It is interesting that perhaps the most original mathematician who ever lived should be criticised for being original .').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It is this which has led to the legend that he spent his last night writing out all he knew about group theory.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It was the focus for a Republican rally and riots followed which lasted for several days.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','It was the leading University of Paris and Galois must have wished to enter it for academic reasons.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','July 1830 saw a revolution.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Late in 1830 19 officers from the Artillery of the National Guard were arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Liouville published these papers of Galois in his Journal in 1846.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Louis XVIII was reinstated as King but died in September 1824, Charles X becoming the new King.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','M. Vernier reported however').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Napoleon abdicated on 6 April and Louis XVIII was installed as King by the Allies.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Napoleon became first Consul in 1800 and then Emperor in 1804.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Napoleon entered Paris on March 20, was defeated at Waterloo on 18 June and abdicated for the second time on 22 June.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','No record exists of any comment these men made.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','On 18 April Sophie Germain wrote a letter to her friend the mathematician Libri which describes Galois'' situation.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','On 25 May and 1 June he submitted articles on the algebraic solution of equations to the Acad?mie des Sciences.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','On 31 December 1830 the Artillery of the National Guard was abolished by Royal Decree since the new King Louis-Phillipe felt it was a threat to the throne.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Poisson had reported that:-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','She taught him Greek, Latin and religion where she imparted her own scepticism to her son.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The 14 th of July was Bastille Day and Galois was arrested again.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The French armies continued a conquest of Europe while Napoleon''s power became more and more secure.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The failed Russian campaign of 1812 was followed by defeats, the Allies entering Paris on 31 March 1814.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The name Stephanie appears several times as a marginal note in one of Galois'' manuscripts.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The note reads').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The paper was sent to Fourier, the secretary of the Paris Academy, to be considered for the Grand Prize in mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The priest of Bourg-la-Reine forged Mayor Galois'' name on malicious forged epigrams directed at Galois'' own relatives.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The starting point of the historical events which were to play a major role in Galois'' life is surely the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The theory that Galois outlined in these papers is now called Galois theory.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','The year 1815 saw the famous one hundred days.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','There he apparently fell in love with Stephanie-Felice du Motel, the daughter of the resident physician.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','There is something to complete in this demonstration.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','There was rioting in the streets of Paris and the director of ?cole Normale, M. Guigniault, locked the students in to avoid them taking part.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','They were acquitted and on 9 May 1831 200 republicans gathered for a dinner to celebrate the acquittal.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','This story appears to have been exaggerated.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Tragedy was to strike Galois for on 2 July 1829 his father committed suicide.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','Two minor publications, an abstract in Annales de Gergonne (December 1830) and a letter on the teaching of science in the Gazette des ?coles ( 2 January 1831) were the last publications during his life.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','While drunk in prison he poured out his soul').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','While in Sainte-P?lagie prison Galois attempted to commit suicide by stabbing himself with a dagger but the other prisoners prevented him.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','While in prison he received a rejection of his memoir.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','With support from Jacques Sturm, he published three papers in Bulletin de F?russac in April 1830.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','You can see a note in the margin of the manuscript that Galois wrote the night before the duel.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','but the last words had been drowned by the noise.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Sentence','the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition.').

'Galois.html.xml'('SpaceToken','
').

'Galois.html.xml'('SpaceToken',' ').

'Galois.html.xml'('Split','

').

'Galois.html.xml'('Split','


').

'Galois.html.xml'('Split','.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Split',...).

'Galois.html.xml'('Split',?).

'Galois.html.xml'('Temp','leading University').

'Galois.html.xml'('Temp','the Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Temp','the community').

'Galois.html.xml'('Title','Mayor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','''').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','''s').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','(').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',')').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',',').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',-).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','.').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',/).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','10').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','12').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','14').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','15').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','16').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','17').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1789').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1793').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','18').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1800').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1804').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1811').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1812').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1814').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1815').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1823').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1824').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1826').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1827').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1828').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1829').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1830').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1831').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1832').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1843').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1846').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','19').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','1996').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','2').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','20').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','200').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','21').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','22').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','25').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','29').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','30').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','31').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','4').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','40').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','4595').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','6').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','9').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',:).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',?).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','?cole').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','?coles').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','A').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Abel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Acad?mie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Academy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Adelaide').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','After').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','All').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Allies').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Annales').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','April').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Article').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Artillery').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','As').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','At').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Author').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Baccalaureate').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Back').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Bastille').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Bonaparte').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Born').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Bourg').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Bourg-la-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Bulletin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','By').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Cauchy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Charles').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Chevalier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Cochin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Consul').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Day').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','December').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Decree').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Demante').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Despite').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Died').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Do').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','During').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','E').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Emperor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Europe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Evariste').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Even').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','F').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','F?russac').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Faultrier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','February').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Felice').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Following').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','For').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Fourier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','France').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','French').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Frenchmen').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','From').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','G?om?trie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Gabriel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Gauss').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Gazette').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Gergonne').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Germain').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Given').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Grand').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Greek').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Guard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Guigniault').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','He').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Herbinville').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','His').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','History').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','However').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','I').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','In').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Intelligence').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','It').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','J').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Jacobi').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Jacques').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','January').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Journal').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','July').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','June').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','King').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','La').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Lagrange').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Late').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Latin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Legendre').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Libri').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Liouville').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Louis').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Louis-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Louis-le-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Lyc?e').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','M').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','MacTutor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','March').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Marie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Mathematicians').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Mathematics').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','May').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Mayor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Motel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Napoleon').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','National').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Nicholas').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','No').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Normale').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','O').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Oct').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','October').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','On').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','P?lagie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Paris').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Perscheux').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Phillipe').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Poisson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Polytechnique').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Prize').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Reine').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Republican').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Richard').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Royal').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Russian').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Sainte-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Sciences').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','September').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','She').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Sieur').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Sophie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Stephanie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Stephanie-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Sturm').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','The').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','There').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','They').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','This').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','To').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Tragedy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Two').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','University').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Vernier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','Waterloo').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','While').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','With').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','X').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','XVIII').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','You').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','[').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',']').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',a).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',abandoned).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',abdicated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',abelian).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ability).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',abolished).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',about).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',absolutely).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',absorbed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',abstract).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ac).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',academic).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',account).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',acquittal).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',acquitted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',actions).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',advice).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',affair).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',affected).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',after).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',again).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',against).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',algebra).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',algebraic).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',all).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',allow).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',also).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',among).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',an).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',and).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',annex).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',announced).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',answered).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',any).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',apartment).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',apparently).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',appeared).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',appears).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',appointed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ardent).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',argument).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',armies).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',arrested).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',article).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',articles).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',as).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',asked).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',astonishes).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',at).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attacking).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attempt).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attempted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attempting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attempts).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',attracted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',avoid).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',avoided).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',awarded).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',back).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',be).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',became).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',because).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',becoming).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',been).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',before).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',began).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',behind).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',being).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',believed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',best).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',betrays).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',better).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',bizarre).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',boarder).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',both).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',branch).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',brother).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',but).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',by).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',called).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',campaign).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',can).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',capacity).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',carrying).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',celebrate).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',certainly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',charged).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',cholera).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',church).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',circumstances).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',claimed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',class).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',classes).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',classical).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',clear).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',clever).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',closed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',command).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',comment).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',commit).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',committed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',communicating).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',community).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',complete).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',completely).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',composed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',compromise).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',concise).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',condition).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',confide).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',conquest).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',considered).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',conspiracy).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',continued).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',copied).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',correct).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',could).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',country).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',criticised).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',d).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',dagger).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',daughter).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',days).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',de).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',death).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',decide).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',deep).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',deeply).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',defeated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',defeats).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',defence).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',degree).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',demonstration).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',des).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',describe).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',describes).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',destroy).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',developed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',did).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',died).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',differences).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',difficulties).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',dinner).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',directed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',direction).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',director).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',disposition).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',distance).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',do).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',dock).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',does).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',dominates).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',done).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',drowned).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',drunk).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',du).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',duel).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',during).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',educated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',elected).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',elliptic).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',encourage).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',end).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',enough).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',enrolled).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ensued).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',enter).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',entered).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',entering).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',entry).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',epidemic).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',epigrams).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',equation).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',equations).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',essentially).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',establishment).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',events).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ever).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',exaggerated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',examination).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',examinations).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',examiner).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',example).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',exchanged).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',execution).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',existed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',exists).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',expelled).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',expressing).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',extraordinary).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',failed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',family).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',famous).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',father).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',fear).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',fell).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',felt).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',few).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',first).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',fled).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',flee).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',focus).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',followed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',for).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',forged).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',form).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',fought).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',found).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',fractions).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',friend).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',from).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',functions).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',funeral).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',further).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',gathered).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',give).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',glass).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',go).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',good).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',government).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',greatly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',group).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',had).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',hand).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',hanged).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',has).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',have).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',having).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',he).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',hear).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',height).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',held).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',her).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',here).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',herself).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',higher).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',highest).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',him).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',himself).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',his).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',historical).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',hospital).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',however).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',html).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',http).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',hundred).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',ideas).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',if).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',illegal).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',imparted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',impertinence).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',important).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',in).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',including).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',influenced).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',installed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',integrals).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',intelligence).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',intelligent).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',interesting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',into).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',invited).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',involved).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',irreducible).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',is).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',it).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',its).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',join).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',joined).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',jointly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',judge).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',knew).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',know).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',knows).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lack).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',last).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lasted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lawyer).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',leading).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',learned).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',learnt).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',led).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',legend).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',less).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',letter).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',letters).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',life).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',linked).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',literature).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',little).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lived).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',loaded).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',locked).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',locking).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lost).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',love).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',lovely).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mad).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',made).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',major).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',majority).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',make).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',malicious).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',man).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',manuscript).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',manuscripts).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',many).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',margin).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',marginal).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',marked).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','math?matiques').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mathematical).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mathematician).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mathematics).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mayor).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mcs).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',me).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',meeting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',memoir).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',men).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',method).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',militia).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',minor).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',monarchy).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',money).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',more).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',most).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',mother).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',movements).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',much).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',must).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',my).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',name).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',natured).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',near).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',neither).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',never).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',new).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',newspaper).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',night).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',no).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',noise).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',nor).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',not).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',note).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',nothing).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',now).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',numbers).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',obscure).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',of).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',off).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',officers).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',old).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',on).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',one).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',only).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',open).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',opinions).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',or).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',organised).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',original).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',other).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',others).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',out).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',outlined).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',over).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',overlapped).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',overthrow).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',overwhelm).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',own).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',paper).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',papers).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',parents).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',part).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',partly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',passed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',passion).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',peasant).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',pension).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',perhaps).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',philosophy).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',physician).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',pistols).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',play).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',point).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',political).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',poorly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',possible).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',posthumous).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',posthumously).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',poured).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',power).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',presented).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prevented).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',priest).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prime).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prison).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prisoners).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',privileged).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prize).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',prizes).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',problem).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',progress).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',publications).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',publish).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',published).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',punishments).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',pupil).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',pupils).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',quickly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',radicals).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',raised).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rally).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rather).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reached).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reading).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reads).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',realms).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reason).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reasons).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rebellion).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',received).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',receiving).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',record).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',referee).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reign).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reinstated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rejection).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',relatives).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',released).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',religion).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',remarkable).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',repeat).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',repeated).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',replaced).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reply).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',report).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reported).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',reports).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',republican).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',republicans).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',required).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',research).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',researches).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',resident).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',resigned).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',return).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',revolution).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rhetoric).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rifle).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rigour).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rioting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',riots).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',role).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',rule).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',said).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',saw).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',say).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',scale).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',scandal).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',scepticism).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',school).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',schoolwork).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',science).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',second).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',seconds).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',secretary).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',secure).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',see).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',sent).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',served).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',several).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',she).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',should).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',showed).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',shows).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',sign).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',signs).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',since).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',singular).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',situation).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',so).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',sole).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',soluble).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',solution).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',some).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',someone).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',something).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',sometimes).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',son).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',soon).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',soul).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',spent).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',spirit).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',spite).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','st-andrews').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',stabbing).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',stand).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',standard).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',starting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',state).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',steps).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',storming).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',story).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',streets).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',strike).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',strong).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',student).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',students).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',studied).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',studies).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',study).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',studying).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',submit).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',submitted).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',subsequently).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',sufficiently).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',suicide).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',support).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',surely).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',surprisingly).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',swept).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',take).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',taking).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',taught).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',teacher).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',teachers).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',teaching).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',term).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',terror).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',th).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',than).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',that).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',the).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',their).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',them).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',then).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',theory).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',there).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',therefore).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',these).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',think).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',third).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',this).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',threat).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',threats).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',three).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',throne).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',time).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',times).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',to).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',told).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',too).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',took).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',torment).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',transferred).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',treatises).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',trial).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',trials).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',tried).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',true).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',turning).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',uk).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',under).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',uniform).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',united).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',until).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',up).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',us).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',version).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',victory).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wall).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',was).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wasting).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wearing).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',weeks).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',well).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',were).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',what).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',where).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',whether).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',which).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',while).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',who).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',whom).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',will).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wish).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wished).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',with).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',without).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',won).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',words).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',work).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',worked).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',works).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',worst).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',would).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wounded).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',writing).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',wrote).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token','www-history').

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',year).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',years).

'Galois.html.xml'('Token',you).

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Acad?mie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Annales').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Article').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Artillery').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Baccalaureate').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Bonaparte').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Bourg').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Bourg-la-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Bulletin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Chevalier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Consul').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Day').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','December').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Demante').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Emperor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','F?russac').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Faultrier').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Frenchmen').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','G?om?trie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Gazette').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Herbinville').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Intelligence').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Journal').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','La').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Latin').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Lyc?e').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','MacTutor').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Mathematicians').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Mathematics').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Motel').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Napoleon').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','P?lagie').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Perscheux').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Polytechnique').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Prize').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Sainte-').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Sieur').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Tragedy').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','Waterloo').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown','X').

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown',des).

'Galois.html.xml'('Unknown',du).

'Galois.html.xml'('UrlPre','http://').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','Born').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','Died').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','Do').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','Following').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','Given').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',absorbed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',announced).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',appeared).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',appears).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',attacking).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',attempted).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',attempting).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',attracted).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',be).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',became).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',becoming).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',began).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',being).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',believed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','can love').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','can see').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',charged).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',claimed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',closed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',committed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',communicating).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',composed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',considered).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',continued).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',copied).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','could have avoided').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','could stand').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',decide).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',defeats).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',describes).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',developed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',did).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',died).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',directed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',do).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','do not have').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',does).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',dominates).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',educated).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',encourage).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',enrolled).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',ensued).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',entered).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',entering).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',exchanged).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',existed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',exists).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',expressing).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',failed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',fear).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',fell).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',felt).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',fled).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',followed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',forged).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',fought).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',found).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',gathered).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',had).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had been').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had been drowned').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had enrolled').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had found').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had reported').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had said').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','had to take').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',hanged).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',has).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','has answered').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','has been expelled').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','has done').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','has led').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','have been').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','have lost').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','having been considered').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',hear).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',held).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',including).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',influenced).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',is).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','is now called').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','is wasting').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',joined).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',knew).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',know).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',knows).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',lack).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',lasted).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',leading).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',learned).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',linked).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',lived).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',loaded).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',locked).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',locking).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',made).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',marked).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','must have wished').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','not being').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',outlined).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',overwhelm).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',passed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',poured).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',presented).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',prevented).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',published).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',raised).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',reached).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',reading).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',reads).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',received).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',receiving).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',repeated).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',replaced).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',reported).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',researches).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',resigned).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',saw).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',say).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',secure).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',sent).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',served).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','should be').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','should give').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',showed).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',shows).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',spent).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',stabbing).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',storming).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',studied).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',submitted).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',swept).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',taking).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',taught).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',think).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to allow').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to avoid').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to be considered').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to celebrate').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to commit').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to complete').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to describe').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to destroy').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to distance').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to do').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to enter').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to flee').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to have').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to have been').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to join').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to judge').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to make').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to overthrow').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to publish').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to repeat').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to return').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to scale').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to study').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','to submit').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',took).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',torment).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',tried).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',united).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',was).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was abandoned').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was abolished').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was acquitted').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was also carrying').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was appointed').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was arrested').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was asked').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was deeply affected').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was defeated').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was elected').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was expelled').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was followed').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was held').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was installed').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was invited').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was not').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was not involved').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was reinstated').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was released').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was sent').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was studying').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was to report').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was to strike').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was to take').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was told').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was tried').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was wearing').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','was wounded').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',were).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','were acquitted').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','were arrested').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','were expelled').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','were to play').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','were transferred').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','will go').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',wished).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',won).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',worked).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',works).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','would allow').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','would be').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG','would be awarded').

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',writing).

'Galois.html.xml'('VG',wrote).

'Galois.html.xml'(b,'Article by:').

'Galois.html.xml'(b,'December 1996').

'Galois.html.xml'(b,'Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'(b,'MacTutor History of Mathematics').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
.. the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition. All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale. He is without money... . They say he will go completely mad. I fear this is true.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals .
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
Do you know what I lack my friend? I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit. I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...?
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method .
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
There is something to complete in this demonstration. I do not have the time. ( Author''s note ).
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing. I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics. This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(blockquote,'
To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays
').

'Galois.html.xml'(body,'Evariste Galois

Born: 25 Oct 1811 in Bourg La Reine (near Paris), France
Died: 31 May 1832 in Paris, France

Evariste Galois '' father Nicholas Gabriel Galois and his mother Adelaide Marie Demante were both intelligent and well educated in philosophy, classical literature and religion. However there is no sign of any mathematical ability in any of Galois'' family. His mother served as Galois'' sole teacher until he was 12 years old. She taught him Greek, Latin and religion where she imparted her own scepticism to her son. Galois'' father was an important man in the community and in 1815 he was elected mayor of Bourg-la-Reine.


The starting point of the historical events which were to play a major role in Galois'' life is surely the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789. From this point the monarchy of Louis 16 th was in major difficulties as the majority of Frenchmen composed their differences and united behind an attempt to destroy the privileged establishment of the church and the state.

Despite attempts at compromise Louis 16 th was tried after attempting to flee the country. Following the execution of the King on 21 January 1793 there followed a reign of terror with many political trials. By the end of 1793 there were 4595 political prisoners held in Paris. However France began to have better times as their armies, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, won victory after victory.

Napoleon became first Consul in 1800 and then Emperor in 1804. The French armies continued a conquest of Europe while Napoleon''s power became more and more secure. In 1811 Napoleon was at the height of his power. By 1815 Napoleon''s rule was over. The failed Russian campaign of 1812 was followed by defeats, the Allies entering Paris on 31 March 1814. Napoleon abdicated on 6 April and Louis XVIII was installed as King by the Allies. The year 1815 saw the famous one hundred days. Napoleon entered Paris on March 20, was defeated at Waterloo on 18 June and abdicated for the second time on 22 June. Louis XVIII was reinstated as King but died in September 1824, Charles X becoming the new King.

Galois was by this time at school. He had enrolled at the Lyc?e of Louis-le-Grand as a boarder in the 4 th class on 6 October 1823. Even during his first term there was a minor rebellion and 40 pupils were expelled from the school. Galois was not involved and during 1824-25 his school record is good and he received several prizes. However in 1826 Galois was asked to repeat the year because his work in rhetoric was not up to the required standard.

February 1827 was a turning point in Galois'' life. He enrolled in his first mathematics class, the class of M. Vernier. He quickly became absorbed in mathematics and his director of studies wrote

It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.

Galois'' school reports began to describe him as singular, bizarre , original and closed . It is interesting that perhaps the most original mathematician who ever lived should be criticised for being original . M. Vernier reported however

Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method .

In 1828 Galois took the examination of the ?cole Polytechnique but failed. It was the leading University of Paris and Galois must have wished to enter it for academic reasons. However, he also wished to enter this school because of the strong political movements that existed among its students, since Galois followed his parents example in being an ardent republican.

Back at Louis-le-Grand, Galois enrolled in the mathematics class of Louis Richard. However he worked more and more on his own researches and less and less on his schoolwork. He studied Legendre''s G?om?trie and the treatises of Lagrange. As Richard was to report

This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.

In April 1829 Galois had his first mathematics paper published on continued fractions in the Annales de math?matiques . On 25 May and 1 June he submitted articles on the algebraic solution of equations to the Acad?mie des Sciences. Cauchy was appointed as referee of Galois'' paper.

Tragedy was to strike Galois for on 2 July 1829 his father committed suicide. The priest of Bourg-la-Reine forged Mayor Galois'' name on malicious forged epigrams directed at Galois'' own relatives. Galois'' father was a good natured man and the scandal that ensued was more than he could stand. He hanged himself in his Paris apartment only a few steps from Louis-le-Grand where his son was studying. Galois was deeply affected by his father''s death and it greatly influenced the direction his life was to take.

A few weeks after his father''s death, Galois presented himself for examination for entry to the ?cole Polytechnique for the second time. For the second time he failed, perhaps partly because he took it under the worst possible circumstances so soon after his father''s death, partly because he was never good at communicating his deep mathematical ideas. Galois therefore resigned himself to enter the ?cole Normale, which was an annex to Louis-le-Grand, and to do so he had to take his Baccalaureate examinations, something he could have avoided by entering the ?cole Polytechnique.

He passed, receiving his degree on 29 December 1829. His examiner in mathematics reported:-

This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.

His literature examiner reported:-

This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing. I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics. This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.

Galois sent Cauchy further work on the theory of equations, but then learned from Bulletin de F?russac of a posthumous article by Abel which overlapped with a part of his work. Galois then took Cauchy''s advice and submitted a new article On the condition that an equation be soluble by radicals in February 1830. The paper was sent to Fourier, the secretary of the Paris Academy, to be considered for the Grand Prize in mathematics. Fourier died in April 1830 and Galois'' paper was never subsequently found and so never considered for the prize.

Galois, after reading Abel and Jacobi''s work, worked on the theory of elliptic functions and abelian integrals. With support from Jacques Sturm, he published three papers in Bulletin de F?russac in April 1830. However, he learnt in June that the prize of the Academy would be awarded the Prize jointly to Abel (posthumously) and to Jacobi, his own work never having been considered.

July 1830 saw a revolution. Charles 10 th fled France. There was rioting in the streets of Paris and the director of ?cole Normale, M. Guigniault, locked the students in to avoid them taking part. Galois tried to scale the wall to join the rioting but failed. In December 1830 M. Guigniault wrote newspaper articles attacking the students and Galois wrote a reply in the Gazette des ?coles , attacking M. Guigniault for his actions in locking the students into the school. For this letter Galois was expelled and he joined the Artillery of the National Guard, a Republican branch of the militia. On 31 December 1830 the Artillery of the National Guard was abolished by Royal Decree since the new King Louis-Phillipe felt it was a threat to the throne.

Two minor publications, an abstract in Annales de Gergonne (December 1830) and a letter on the teaching of science in the Gazette des ?coles ( 2 January 1831) were the last publications during his life. In January 1831 Galois attempted to return to mathematics. He organised some mathematics classes in higher algebra which attracted 40 students to the first meeting but after that the numbers quickly fell off. Galois was invited by Poisson to submit a third version of his memoir on equation to the Academy and he did so on 17 January.

On 18 April Sophie Germain wrote a letter to her friend the mathematician Libri which describes Galois'' situation.

.. the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition. All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale. He is without money... . They say he will go completely mad. I fear this is true.

Late in 1830 19 officers from the Artillery of the National Guard were arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. They were acquitted and on 9 May 1831 200 republicans gathered for a dinner to celebrate the acquittal. During the dinner Galois raised his glass and with an open dagger in his hand appeared to make threats against the King, Louis-Phillipe. After the dinner Galois was arrested and held in Sainte-P?lagie prison. At his trial on 15 June his defence lawyer claimed that Galois had said

To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays

but the last words had been drowned by the noise. Galois, rather surprisingly since he essentially repeated the threat from the dock, was acquitted.

The 14 th of July was Bastille Day and Galois was arrested again. He was wearing the uniform of the Artillery of the National Guard, which was illegal. He was also carrying a loaded rifle, several pistols and a dagger. Galois was sent back to Sainte-P?lagie prison. While in prison he received a rejection of his memoir. Poisson had reported that:-

His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.

He did, however, encourage Galois to publish a more complete account of his work. While in Sainte-P?lagie prison Galois attempted to commit suicide by stabbing himself with a dagger but the other prisoners prevented him. While drunk in prison he poured out his soul

Do you know what I lack my friend? I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit. I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...?

In March 1832 a cholera epidemic swept Paris and prisoners, including Galois, were transferred to the pension Sieur Faultrier. There he apparently fell in love with Stephanie-Felice du Motel, the daughter of the resident physician. After he was released on 29 April Galois exchanged letters with Stephanie, and it is clear that she tried to distance herself from the affair.

The name Stephanie appears several times as a marginal note in one of Galois'' manuscripts.

Galois fought a duel with Perscheux d''Herbinville on 30 May, the reason for the duel not being clear but certainly linked with Stephanie.

You can see a note in the margin of the manuscript that Galois wrote the night before the duel.

The note reads

There is something to complete in this demonstration. I do not have the time. ( Author''s note ).

It is this which has led to the legend that he spent his last night writing out all he knew about group theory. This story appears to have been exaggerated.

Galois was wounded in the duel and was abandoned by d''Herbinville and his own seconds and found by a peasant. He died in Cochin hospital on 31 May and his funeral was held on 2 June. It was the focus for a Republican rally and riots followed which lasted for several days.

Galois'' brother and his friend Chevalier copied his mathematical papers and sent them to Gauss, Jacobi and others. It had been Galois'' wish that Jacobi and Gauss should give their opinions on his work. No record exists of any comment these men made. However the papers reached Liouville who, in September 1843, announced to the Academy that he had found in Galois'' papers a concise solution

...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals .

Liouville published these papers of Galois in his Journal in 1846.

The theory that Galois outlined in these papers is now called Galois theory.

Article by: J J O''Connor and E F Robertson

December 1996
MacTutor History of Mathematics
[http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Galois.html]').

'Galois.html.xml'(br,[]).

'Galois.html.xml'(center,'Evariste Galois
').

'Galois.html.xml'(h1,'Evariste Galois').

'Galois.html.xml'(h3,'Born: 25 Oct 1811 in Bourg La Reine (near Paris), France
Died: 31 May 1832 in Paris, France').

'Galois.html.xml'(head,'Galois

').

'Galois.html.xml'(hr,[]).

'Galois.html.xml'(html,'Galois

Evariste Galois

Born: 25 Oct 1811 in Bourg La Reine (near Paris), France
Died: 31 May 1832 in Paris, France

Evariste Galois '' father Nicholas Gabriel Galois and his mother Adelaide Marie Demante were both intelligent and well educated in philosophy, classical literature and religion. However there is no sign of any mathematical ability in any of Galois'' family. His mother served as Galois'' sole teacher until he was 12 years old. She taught him Greek, Latin and religion where she imparted her own scepticism to her son. Galois'' father was an important man in the community and in 1815 he was elected mayor of Bourg-la-Reine.


The starting point of the historical events which were to play a major role in Galois'' life is surely the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789. From this point the monarchy of Louis 16 th was in major difficulties as the majority of Frenchmen composed their differences and united behind an attempt to destroy the privileged establishment of the church and the state.

Despite attempts at compromise Louis 16 th was tried after attempting to flee the country. Following the execution of the King on 21 January 1793 there followed a reign of terror with many political trials. By the end of 1793 there were 4595 political prisoners held in Paris. However France began to have better times as their armies, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, won victory after victory.

Napoleon became first Consul in 1800 and then Emperor in 1804. The French armies continued a conquest of Europe while Napoleon''s power became more and more secure. In 1811 Napoleon was at the height of his power. By 1815 Napoleon''s rule was over. The failed Russian campaign of 1812 was followed by defeats, the Allies entering Paris on 31 March 1814. Napoleon abdicated on 6 April and Louis XVIII was installed as King by the Allies. The year 1815 saw the famous one hundred days. Napoleon entered Paris on March 20, was defeated at Waterloo on 18 June and abdicated for the second time on 22 June. Louis XVIII was reinstated as King but died in September 1824, Charles X becoming the new King.

Galois was by this time at school. He had enrolled at the Lyc?e of Louis-le-Grand as a boarder in the 4 th class on 6 October 1823. Even during his first term there was a minor rebellion and 40 pupils were expelled from the school. Galois was not involved and during 1824-25 his school record is good and he received several prizes. However in 1826 Galois was asked to repeat the year because his work in rhetoric was not up to the required standard.

February 1827 was a turning point in Galois'' life. He enrolled in his first mathematics class, the class of M. Vernier. He quickly became absorbed in mathematics and his director of studies wrote

It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.

Galois'' school reports began to describe him as singular, bizarre , original and closed . It is interesting that perhaps the most original mathematician who ever lived should be criticised for being original . M. Vernier reported however

Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method .

In 1828 Galois took the examination of the ?cole Polytechnique but failed. It was the leading University of Paris and Galois must have wished to enter it for academic reasons. However, he also wished to enter this school because of the strong political movements that existed among its students, since Galois followed his parents example in being an ardent republican.

Back at Louis-le-Grand, Galois enrolled in the mathematics class of Louis Richard. However he worked more and more on his own researches and less and less on his schoolwork. He studied Legendre''s G?om?trie and the treatises of Lagrange. As Richard was to report

This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.

In April 1829 Galois had his first mathematics paper published on continued fractions in the Annales de math?matiques . On 25 May and 1 June he submitted articles on the algebraic solution of equations to the Acad?mie des Sciences. Cauchy was appointed as referee of Galois'' paper.

Tragedy was to strike Galois for on 2 July 1829 his father committed suicide. The priest of Bourg-la-Reine forged Mayor Galois'' name on malicious forged epigrams directed at Galois'' own relatives. Galois'' father was a good natured man and the scandal that ensued was more than he could stand. He hanged himself in his Paris apartment only a few steps from Louis-le-Grand where his son was studying. Galois was deeply affected by his father''s death and it greatly influenced the direction his life was to take.

A few weeks after his father''s death, Galois presented himself for examination for entry to the ?cole Polytechnique for the second time. For the second time he failed, perhaps partly because he took it under the worst possible circumstances so soon after his father''s death, partly because he was never good at communicating his deep mathematical ideas. Galois therefore resigned himself to enter the ?cole Normale, which was an annex to Louis-le-Grand, and to do so he had to take his Baccalaureate examinations, something he could have avoided by entering the ?cole Polytechnique.

He passed, receiving his degree on 29 December 1829. His examiner in mathematics reported:-

This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.

His literature examiner reported:-

This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing. I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics. This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.

Galois sent Cauchy further work on the theory of equations, but then learned from Bulletin de F?russac of a posthumous article by Abel which overlapped with a part of his work. Galois then took Cauchy''s advice and submitted a new article On the condition that an equation be soluble by radicals in February 1830. The paper was sent to Fourier, the secretary of the Paris Academy, to be considered for the Grand Prize in mathematics. Fourier died in April 1830 and Galois'' paper was never subsequently found and so never considered for the prize.

Galois, after reading Abel and Jacobi''s work, worked on the theory of elliptic functions and abelian integrals. With support from Jacques Sturm, he published three papers in Bulletin de F?russac in April 1830. However, he learnt in June that the prize of the Academy would be awarded the Prize jointly to Abel (posthumously) and to Jacobi, his own work never having been considered.

July 1830 saw a revolution. Charles 10 th fled France. There was rioting in the streets of Paris and the director of ?cole Normale, M. Guigniault, locked the students in to avoid them taking part. Galois tried to scale the wall to join the rioting but failed. In December 1830 M. Guigniault wrote newspaper articles attacking the students and Galois wrote a reply in the Gazette des ?coles , attacking M. Guigniault for his actions in locking the students into the school. For this letter Galois was expelled and he joined the Artillery of the National Guard, a Republican branch of the militia. On 31 December 1830 the Artillery of the National Guard was abolished by Royal Decree since the new King Louis-Phillipe felt it was a threat to the throne.

Two minor publications, an abstract in Annales de Gergonne (December 1830) and a letter on the teaching of science in the Gazette des ?coles ( 2 January 1831) were the last publications during his life. In January 1831 Galois attempted to return to mathematics. He organised some mathematics classes in higher algebra which attracted 40 students to the first meeting but after that the numbers quickly fell off. Galois was invited by Poisson to submit a third version of his memoir on equation to the Academy and he did so on 17 January.

On 18 April Sophie Germain wrote a letter to her friend the mathematician Libri which describes Galois'' situation.

.. the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition. All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale. He is without money... . They say he will go completely mad. I fear this is true.

Late in 1830 19 officers from the Artillery of the National Guard were arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. They were acquitted and on 9 May 1831 200 republicans gathered for a dinner to celebrate the acquittal. During the dinner Galois raised his glass and with an open dagger in his hand appeared to make threats against the King, Louis-Phillipe. After the dinner Galois was arrested and held in Sainte-P?lagie prison. At his trial on 15 June his defence lawyer claimed that Galois had said

To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays

but the last words had been drowned by the noise. Galois, rather surprisingly since he essentially repeated the threat from the dock, was acquitted.

The 14 th of July was Bastille Day and Galois was arrested again. He was wearing the uniform of the Artillery of the National Guard, which was illegal. He was also carrying a loaded rifle, several pistols and a dagger. Galois was sent back to Sainte-P?lagie prison. While in prison he received a rejection of his memoir. Poisson had reported that:-

His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.

He did, however, encourage Galois to publish a more complete account of his work. While in Sainte-P?lagie prison Galois attempted to commit suicide by stabbing himself with a dagger but the other prisoners prevented him. While drunk in prison he poured out his soul

Do you know what I lack my friend? I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit. I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...?

In March 1832 a cholera epidemic swept Paris and prisoners, including Galois, were transferred to the pension Sieur Faultrier. There he apparently fell in love with Stephanie-Felice du Motel, the daughter of the resident physician. After he was released on 29 April Galois exchanged letters with Stephanie, and it is clear that she tried to distance herself from the affair.

The name Stephanie appears several times as a marginal note in one of Galois'' manuscripts.

Galois fought a duel with Perscheux d''Herbinville on 30 May, the reason for the duel not being clear but certainly linked with Stephanie.

You can see a note in the margin of the manuscript that Galois wrote the night before the duel.

The note reads

There is something to complete in this demonstration. I do not have the time. ( Author''s note ).

It is this which has led to the legend that he spent his last night writing out all he knew about group theory. This story appears to have been exaggerated.

Galois was wounded in the duel and was abandoned by d''Herbinville and his own seconds and found by a peasant. He died in Cochin hospital on 31 May and his funeral was held on 2 June. It was the focus for a Republican rally and riots followed which lasted for several days.

Galois'' brother and his friend Chevalier copied his mathematical papers and sent them to Gauss, Jacobi and others. It had been Galois'' wish that Jacobi and Gauss should give their opinions on his work. No record exists of any comment these men made. However the papers reached Liouville who, in September 1843, announced to the Academy that he had found in Galois'' papers a concise solution

...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals .

Liouville published these papers of Galois in his Journal in 1846.

The theory that Galois outlined in these papers is now called Galois theory.

Article by: J J O''Connor and E F Robertson

December 1996
MacTutor History of Mathematics
[http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Mathematicians/Galois.html]').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Annales de Gergonne').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Annales de math?matiques').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Author''s note').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Bulletin de F?russac').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Do you know what I lack my friend? I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit. I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...?').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'E F Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'G?om?trie').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Gazette des ?coles').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'J J O''Connor').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'On the condition that an equation be soluble by radicals').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'There is something to complete in this demonstration. I do not have the time.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing. I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics. This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'a marginal note').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'a note in the margin').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,closed).

'Galois.html.xml'(i,original).

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'singular, bizarre').

'Galois.html.xml'(i,'the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition. All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale. He is without money... . They say he will go completely mad. I fear this is true.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'
The starting point of the historical events which were to play a major role in Galois'' life is surely the storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789. From this point the monarchy of Louis 16 th was in major difficulties as the majority of Frenchmen composed their differences and united behind an attempt to destroy the privileged establishment of the church and the state.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'.. the death of M. Fourier, have been too much for this student Galois who, in spite of his impertinence, showed signs of a clever disposition. All this has done so much that he has been expelled form ?cole Normale. He is without money... . They say he will go completely mad. I fear this is true.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'...as correct as it is deep of this lovely problem: Given an irreducible equation of prime degree, decide whether or not it is soluble by radicals .').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'A few weeks after his father''s death, Galois presented himself for examination for entry to the ?cole Polytechnique for the second time. For the second time he failed, perhaps partly because he took it under the worst possible circumstances so soon after his father''s death, partly because he was never good at communicating his deep mathematical ideas. Galois therefore resigned himself to enter the ?cole Normale, which was an annex to Louis-le-Grand, and to do so he had to take his Baccalaureate examinations, something he could have avoided by entering the ?cole Polytechnique.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Article by: J J O''Connor and E F Robertson').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Back at Louis-le-Grand, Galois enrolled in the mathematics class of Louis Richard. However he worked more and more on his own researches and less and less on his schoolwork. He studied Legendre''s G?om?trie and the treatises of Lagrange. As Richard was to report').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'December 1996').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Despite attempts at compromise Louis 16 th was tried after attempting to flee the country. Following the execution of the King on 21 January 1793 there followed a reign of terror with many political trials. By the end of 1793 there were 4595 political prisoners held in Paris. However France began to have better times as their armies, under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte, won victory after victory.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Do you know what I lack my friend? I confide it only to you: it is someone whom I can love and love only in spirit. I have lost my father and no one has ever replaced him, do you hear me...?').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Evariste Galois '' father Nicholas Gabriel Galois and his mother Adelaide Marie Demante were both intelligent and well educated in philosophy, classical literature and religion. However there is no sign of any mathematical ability in any of Galois'' family. His mother served as Galois'' sole teacher until he was 12 years old. She taught him Greek, Latin and religion where she imparted her own scepticism to her son. Galois'' father was an important man in the community and in 1815 he was elected mayor of Bourg-la-Reine.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'February 1827 was a turning point in Galois'' life. He enrolled in his first mathematics class, the class of M. Vernier. He quickly became absorbed in mathematics and his director of studies wrote').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois fought a duel with Perscheux d''Herbinville on 30 May, the reason for the duel not being clear but certainly linked with Stephanie.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois sent Cauchy further work on the theory of equations, but then learned from Bulletin de F?russac of a posthumous article by Abel which overlapped with a part of his work. Galois then took Cauchy''s advice and submitted a new article On the condition that an equation be soluble by radicals in February 1830. The paper was sent to Fourier, the secretary of the Paris Academy, to be considered for the Grand Prize in mathematics. Fourier died in April 1830 and Galois'' paper was never subsequently found and so never considered for the prize.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois was by this time at school. He had enrolled at the Lyc?e of Louis-le-Grand as a boarder in the 4 th class on 6 October 1823. Even during his first term there was a minor rebellion and 40 pupils were expelled from the school. Galois was not involved and during 1824-25 his school record is good and he received several prizes. However in 1826 Galois was asked to repeat the year because his work in rhetoric was not up to the required standard.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois was wounded in the duel and was abandoned by d''Herbinville and his own seconds and found by a peasant. He died in Cochin hospital on 31 May and his funeral was held on 2 June. It was the focus for a Republican rally and riots followed which lasted for several days.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois'' brother and his friend Chevalier copied his mathematical papers and sent them to Gauss, Jacobi and others. It had been Galois'' wish that Jacobi and Gauss should give their opinions on his work. No record exists of any comment these men made. However the papers reached Liouville who, in September 1843, announced to the Academy that he had found in Galois'' papers a concise solution').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois'' school reports began to describe him as singular, bizarre , original and closed . It is interesting that perhaps the most original mathematician who ever lived should be criticised for being original . M. Vernier reported however').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Galois, after reading Abel and Jacobi''s work, worked on the theory of elliptic functions and abelian integrals. With support from Jacques Sturm, he published three papers in Bulletin de F?russac in April 1830. However, he learnt in June that the prize of the Academy would be awarded the Prize jointly to Abel (posthumously) and to Jacobi, his own work never having been considered.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'He did, however, encourage Galois to publish a more complete account of his work. While in Sainte-P?lagie prison Galois attempted to commit suicide by stabbing himself with a dagger but the other prisoners prevented him. While drunk in prison he poured out his soul').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'He passed, receiving his degree on 29 December 1829. His examiner in mathematics reported:-').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'His argument is neither sufficiently clear nor sufficiently developed to allow us to judge its rigour.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'His literature examiner reported:-').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'In 1828 Galois took the examination of the ?cole Polytechnique but failed. It was the leading University of Paris and Galois must have wished to enter it for academic reasons. However, he also wished to enter this school because of the strong political movements that existed among its students, since Galois followed his parents example in being an ardent republican.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'In April 1829 Galois had his first mathematics paper published on continued fractions in the Annales de math?matiques . On 25 May and 1 June he submitted articles on the algebraic solution of equations to the Acad?mie des Sciences. Cauchy was appointed as referee of Galois'' paper.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'In March 1832 a cholera epidemic swept Paris and prisoners, including Galois, were transferred to the pension Sieur Faultrier. There he apparently fell in love with Stephanie-Felice du Motel, the daughter of the resident physician. After he was released on 29 April Galois exchanged letters with Stephanie, and it is clear that she tried to distance herself from the affair.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Intelligence, marked progress but not enough method .').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'It is the passion for mathematics which dominates him, I think it would be best for him if his parents would allow him to study nothing but this, he is wasting his time here and does nothing but torment his teachers and overwhelm himself with punishments.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'It is this which has led to the legend that he spent his last night writing out all he knew about group theory. This story appears to have been exaggerated.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'July 1830 saw a revolution. Charles 10 th fled France. There was rioting in the streets of Paris and the director of ?cole Normale, M. Guigniault, locked the students in to avoid them taking part. Galois tried to scale the wall to join the rioting but failed. In December 1830 M. Guigniault wrote newspaper articles attacking the students and Galois wrote a reply in the Gazette des ?coles , attacking M. Guigniault for his actions in locking the students into the school. For this letter Galois was expelled and he joined the Artillery of the National Guard, a Republican branch of the militia. On 31 December 1830 the Artillery of the National Guard was abolished by Royal Decree since the new King Louis-Phillipe felt it was a threat to the throne.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Late in 1830 19 officers from the Artillery of the National Guard were arrested and charged with conspiracy to overthrow the government. They were acquitted and on 9 May 1831 200 republicans gathered for a dinner to celebrate the acquittal. During the dinner Galois raised his glass and with an open dagger in his hand appeared to make threats against the King, Louis-Phillipe. After the dinner Galois was arrested and held in Sainte-P?lagie prison. At his trial on 15 June his defence lawyer claimed that Galois had said').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Liouville published these papers of Galois in his Journal in 1846.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Napoleon became first Consul in 1800 and then Emperor in 1804. The French armies continued a conquest of Europe while Napoleon''s power became more and more secure. In 1811 Napoleon was at the height of his power. By 1815 Napoleon''s rule was over. The failed Russian campaign of 1812 was followed by defeats, the Allies entering Paris on 31 March 1814. Napoleon abdicated on 6 April and Louis XVIII was installed as King by the Allies. The year 1815 saw the famous one hundred days. Napoleon entered Paris on March 20, was defeated at Waterloo on 18 June and abdicated for the second time on 22 June. Louis XVIII was reinstated as King but died in September 1824, Charles X becoming the new King.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'On 18 April Sophie Germain wrote a letter to her friend the mathematician Libri which describes Galois'' situation.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'The 14 th of July was Bastille Day and Galois was arrested again. He was wearing the uniform of the Artillery of the National Guard, which was illegal. He was also carrying a loaded rifle, several pistols and a dagger. Galois was sent back to Sainte-P?lagie prison. While in prison he received a rejection of his memoir. Poisson had reported that:-').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'The name Stephanie appears several times as a marginal note in one of Galois'' manuscripts.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'The note reads').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'The theory that Galois outlined in these papers is now called Galois theory.
').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'There is something to complete in this demonstration. I do not have the time. ( Author''s note ).').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'This is the only student who has answered me poorly, he knows absolutely nothing. I was told that this student has an extraordinary capacity for mathematics. This astonishes me greatly, for, after his examination, I believed him to have but little intelligence.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'This pupil is sometimes obscure in expressing his ideas, but he is intelligent and shows a remarkable spirit of research.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'This student works only in the highest realms of mathematics.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'To Louis-Phillipe, if he betrays').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Tragedy was to strike Galois for on 2 July 1829 his father committed suicide. The priest of Bourg-la-Reine forged Mayor Galois'' name on malicious forged epigrams directed at Galois'' own relatives. Galois'' father was a good natured man and the scandal that ensued was more than he could stand. He hanged himself in his Paris apartment only a few steps from Louis-le-Grand where his son was studying. Galois was deeply affected by his father''s death and it greatly influenced the direction his life was to take.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'Two minor publications, an abstract in Annales de Gergonne (December 1830) and a letter on the teaching of science in the Gazette des ?coles ( 2 January 1831) were the last publications during his life. In January 1831 Galois attempted to return to mathematics. He organised some mathematics classes in higher algebra which attracted 40 students to the first meeting but after that the numbers quickly fell off. Galois was invited by Poisson to submit a third version of his memoir on equation to the Academy and he did so on 17 January.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'You can see a note in the margin of the manuscript that Galois wrote the night before the duel.').

'Galois.html.xml'(p,'but the last words had been drowned by the noise. Galois, rather surprisingly since he essentially repeated the threat from the dock, was acquitted.').

'Galois.html.xml'(sup,th).

'Galois.html.xml'(title,'Galois').